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Home » Society » Issues » Terrorism » Terrorist_Organizations ETA - Basque Fatherland and Liberty
From the U.S. State Department:Basque Fatherland and Liberty (ETA) a.k.a. Euzkadi Ta AskatasunaDescriptionFounded in 1959 with the aim of establishing an independent homeland based on Marxist principles in the northern Spanish provinces of Vizcaya, Guipuzcoa, Alava, and Navarra and the southwestern French departments of Labourd, Basse-Navarra, and Soule.ActivitiesPrimarily bombings and assassinations of Spanish Government officials, especially security and military forces, politicians, and judicial figures. ETA finances its activities through kidnappings, robberies, and extortion. The group has killed more than 800 persons since it began lethal attacks in the early 1960s. In November 1999, ETA broke its "unilateral and indefinite" cease-fire and began an assassination and bombing campaign that killed 23 individuals and wounded scores more by the end of 2000.StrengthUnknown; may have hundreds of members, plus supporters.Location/Area of OperationOperates primarily in the Basque autonomous regions of northern Spain and southwestern France, but also has bombed Spanish and French interests elsewhere.External AidHas received training at various times in the past in Libya, Lebanon, and Nicaragua. Some ETA members allegedly have received sanctuary in Cuba while others reside in South America. Also appears to have ties to the Irish Republican Army through the two groups' legal political wings.
| ICT: Basque Homeland and Freedom (ETA) - History, structure, terrorist activity, links, updates and history of attacks. From The International Policy Institute for Counter-Terrorism, Israel.
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| | FAS: Basque Fatherland and Liberty a.k.a Euzkadi Ta Askatasuna (ETA) - Description, activities, strength, area of operation and external aid. Links to additional resources. From the Federation of American Scientists. USA.
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| | Guardian: Suspects raided after US tracks Eta - Giles Tremlett in Madrid. "The interior minister, Mariano Rajoy, said the seven men formed the nucleus of the so-called Donosti Commando which the authorities accuse of committing up to half of Eta's 35 killings in the past 20 months." UK.
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| | ETA - Description of the group which compares and contrasts them with other terrorist organisations.
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| | terrorismfiles.org: Basque Fatherland and Liberty (ETA) - Description and brief analysis of ETA's activity, strength, area of operation, funding information and history of attacks.
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| | Scotsman News: ETA - Ongoing coverage of the Basque separatist movement, with archives in date sequence.
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| | History Today: Forty Years of ETA - History of the radical Basque nationalist movement, founded in 1959, and its attempts to gain independence from Spain. April 1999.
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| | Council on Foreign Relations: Basque Fatherland and Liberty (ETA) - Questions and answers about the terrorist group supporting an independent Basque state in parts of northern Spain and southwest France.
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| | Air University: ETA (Freedom for the Basque Homeland) - Spain - Bibliography of internet resources, books, documents and periodicals about the terrorist group, current through 2000.
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| | Guardian Unlimited Issues Explained: Eta and Basque Separatism in Spain - Simon Jeffery examines the background to the militant Basque separatist group.
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| | CDI In the Spotlight: Basque Fatherland and Liberty (ETA) - Analysis by Reyko Huang includes links to related material. From the Center for Defense Information.
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| | US Department of State: Fact Sheet on Treasury's Freezing Assets of Basque Terrorists - Background on the Spain-based ETA and list of the names of the 21 people identified as specially designated global terrorists (SDGTs) because of their involvement with ETA.
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| | US Department of State: State Department Expands Basque Terrorist Group Designation - Text of Executive Order 13224 which now includes ETA-associated Basque groups Batasuna, Euskal Herritarrok, and Herri Batasuna. This blocks property and prohibits transactions with persons who commit, threaten to commit, or support terrorism.
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| | Time Europe: A Rationale for Murder - Coverage about the Basque separatist movement ETA in 2000, including the members, ongoing violence, arrests and political reactions.
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